TY - JOUR
T1 - Longitudinal relations among maternal behaviors, effortful control and young children's committed compliance
AU - Spinrad, Tracy
AU - Eisenberg, Nancy
AU - Silva, Kassondra M.
AU - Wilkens, Natalie
AU - Reiser, Mark
AU - Edwards, Alison
AU - Iyer, Roopa
AU - Kupfer, Anne S.
AU - Hofer, Claire
AU - Smith, Cynthia L.
AU - Hayashi, Akiko
AU - Gaertner, Bridget M.
PY - 2012/3
Y1 - 2012/3
N2 - In a sample (n = 235) of 30-, 42-, and 54-month-olds, the relations among parenting, effortful control (EC), impulsivity, and children's committed compliance were examined. Parenting was assessed with mothers' observed sensitivity and warmth; EC was measured by mothers' and caregivers' reports, as well as a behavioral task; impulsivity was assessed by mothers' and caregivers' reports; and committed compliance was observed during a cleanup and prohibition task, as well as measured by adults' reports. Using path modeling, there was evidence that 30-month parenting predicted high EC and low impulsivity a year later when the stability of the outcomes was controlled, and there was evidence that 30- and 42-month EC, but not impulsivity, predicted higher committed compliance a year later, controlling for earlier levels of the outcomes. Moreover, 42-month EC predicted low impulsivity a year later. Fixed effects models, which are not biased by omitted time-invariant variables, also were conducted and showed that 30-month parenting still predicted EC a year later, and 42-month EC predicted later low impulsivity. Findings are discussed in terms of the importance of differentiating between effortful control and impulsivity and the potential mediating role of EC in the relations between parenting and children's committed compliance.
AB - In a sample (n = 235) of 30-, 42-, and 54-month-olds, the relations among parenting, effortful control (EC), impulsivity, and children's committed compliance were examined. Parenting was assessed with mothers' observed sensitivity and warmth; EC was measured by mothers' and caregivers' reports, as well as a behavioral task; impulsivity was assessed by mothers' and caregivers' reports; and committed compliance was observed during a cleanup and prohibition task, as well as measured by adults' reports. Using path modeling, there was evidence that 30-month parenting predicted high EC and low impulsivity a year later when the stability of the outcomes was controlled, and there was evidence that 30- and 42-month EC, but not impulsivity, predicted higher committed compliance a year later, controlling for earlier levels of the outcomes. Moreover, 42-month EC predicted low impulsivity a year later. Fixed effects models, which are not biased by omitted time-invariant variables, also were conducted and showed that 30-month parenting still predicted EC a year later, and 42-month EC predicted later low impulsivity. Findings are discussed in terms of the importance of differentiating between effortful control and impulsivity and the potential mediating role of EC in the relations between parenting and children's committed compliance.
KW - Committed compliance
KW - Effortful control
KW - Impulsivity
KW - Maternal responsiveness
KW - Regulation
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84863004531&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84863004531&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1037/a0025898
DO - 10.1037/a0025898
M3 - Article
C2 - 22004341
AN - SCOPUS:84863004531
SN - 0012-1649
VL - 48
SP - 552
EP - 566
JO - Developmental psychology
JF - Developmental psychology
IS - 2
ER -