Using a comprehensive model to identify the major mechanisms of chloramine decay in distribution systems

J. Woolschlager; B. Rittmann; P. Piriou; L. Kiene; B. Schwartz

doi:10.2166/ws.2001.0073

Using a comprehensive model to identify the major mechanisms of chloramine decay in distribution systems

J. Woolschlager, B. Rittmann, P. Piriou, L. Kiene, B. Schwartz

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

36 Scopus citations

Abstract

The principle mechanisms of chloramine residual decay in drinking water distribution systems is examined using a comprehensive model of chloramine reactions calibrated to distribution system data. The results reveal that four principle chloramine decay mechanisms must be considered, including: reactions with hypochlorous acid/ion (HOCl/OCl^-); an auto- catalytic reaction in which chloramines spontaneously decay in the absence of other reactants; oxidation reactions with reduced forms of organics and iron; and biologically-catalyzed reactions, such as the reactions with nitrite produced by nitrifiers as well as the direct cometabolism of chloramines by nitrifiers. The chloramine reaction model fits the distribution system data best when all of these reactions, including cometabolism of chloramines by nitrifiers, are included in the model.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	103-110
Number of pages	8
Journal	Water Science and Technology: Water Supply
Volume	1
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.2166/ws.2001.0073
State	Published - 2001
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

Chloramine residual
Disinfection
Distribution systems
Modeling
Nitrification
Water quality

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Water Science and Technology

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10.2166/ws.2001.0073

Cite this

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abstract = "The principle mechanisms of chloramine residual decay in drinking water distribution systems is examined using a comprehensive model of chloramine reactions calibrated to distribution system data. The results reveal that four principle chloramine decay mechanisms must be considered, including: reactions with hypochlorous acid/ion (HOCl/OCl-); an auto- catalytic reaction in which chloramines spontaneously decay in the absence of other reactants; oxidation reactions with reduced forms of organics and iron; and biologically-catalyzed reactions, such as the reactions with nitrite produced by nitrifiers as well as the direct cometabolism of chloramines by nitrifiers. The chloramine reaction model fits the distribution system data best when all of these reactions, including cometabolism of chloramines by nitrifiers, are included in the model.",

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T1 - Using a comprehensive model to identify the major mechanisms of chloramine decay in distribution systems

AU - Woolschlager, J.

AU - Rittmann, B.

AU - Piriou, P.

AU - Kiene, L.

AU - Schwartz, B.

PY - 2001

Y1 - 2001

N2 - The principle mechanisms of chloramine residual decay in drinking water distribution systems is examined using a comprehensive model of chloramine reactions calibrated to distribution system data. The results reveal that four principle chloramine decay mechanisms must be considered, including: reactions with hypochlorous acid/ion (HOCl/OCl-); an auto- catalytic reaction in which chloramines spontaneously decay in the absence of other reactants; oxidation reactions with reduced forms of organics and iron; and biologically-catalyzed reactions, such as the reactions with nitrite produced by nitrifiers as well as the direct cometabolism of chloramines by nitrifiers. The chloramine reaction model fits the distribution system data best when all of these reactions, including cometabolism of chloramines by nitrifiers, are included in the model.

AB - The principle mechanisms of chloramine residual decay in drinking water distribution systems is examined using a comprehensive model of chloramine reactions calibrated to distribution system data. The results reveal that four principle chloramine decay mechanisms must be considered, including: reactions with hypochlorous acid/ion (HOCl/OCl-); an auto- catalytic reaction in which chloramines spontaneously decay in the absence of other reactants; oxidation reactions with reduced forms of organics and iron; and biologically-catalyzed reactions, such as the reactions with nitrite produced by nitrifiers as well as the direct cometabolism of chloramines by nitrifiers. The chloramine reaction model fits the distribution system data best when all of these reactions, including cometabolism of chloramines by nitrifiers, are included in the model.

KW - Chloramine residual

KW - Disinfection

KW - Distribution systems

KW - Modeling

KW - Nitrification

KW - Water quality

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Using a comprehensive model to identify the major mechanisms of chloramine decay in distribution systems

Abstract

Keywords

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