Ultrafast x-ray detection of low-spin iron in molten silicate under deep planetary interior conditions

Sang Heon Shim; Byeongkwan Ko; Dimosthenis Sokaras; Bob Nagler; He Ja Lee; Eric Galtier; Siegfried Glenzer; Eduardo Granados; Tommaso Vinci; Guillaume Fiquet; Jonathan Dolinschi; Jackie Tappan; Britany Kulka; Wendy L. Mao; Guillaume Morard; Alessandra Ravasio; Arianna Gleason; Roberto Alonso-Mori

doi:10.1126/SCIADV.ADI6153

Ultrafast x-ray detection of low-spin iron in molten silicate under deep planetary interior conditions

Sang Heon Shim, Byeongkwan Ko, Dimosthenis Sokaras, Bob Nagler, He Ja Lee, Eric Galtier, Siegfried Glenzer, Eduardo Granados, Tommaso Vinci, Guillaume Fiquet, Jonathan Dolinschi, Jackie Tappan, Britany Kulka, Wendy L. Mao, Guillaume Morard, Alessandra Ravasio, Arianna Gleason, Roberto Alonso-Mori

Earth and Space Exploration, School of (SESE)

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

The spin state of Fe can alter the key physical properties of silicate melts, affecting the early differentiation and the dynamic stability of the melts in the deep rocky planets. The low-spin state of Fe can increase the aﬃnity of Fe for the melt over the solid phases and the electrical conductivity of melt at high pressures. However, the spin state of Fe has never been measured in dense silicate melts due to experimental challenges. We report detection of dominantly low-spin Fe in dynamically compressed olivine melt at 150 to 256 gigapascals and 3000 to 6000 kelvin using laser-driven shock wave compression combined with femtosecond x-ray diffraction and x-ray emission spectroscopy using an x-ray free electron laser. The observation of dominantly low-spin Fe supports gravitationally stable melt in the deep mantle and generation of a dynamo from the silicate melt portion of rocky planets.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	adi6153
Journal	Science Advances
Volume	9
Issue number	42
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1126/SCIADV.ADI6153
State	Published - 2023

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Shim, S. H., Ko, B., Sokaras, D., Nagler, B., Lee, H. J., Galtier, E., Glenzer, S., Granados, E., Vinci, T., Fiquet, G., Dolinschi, J., Tappan, J., Kulka, B., Mao, W. L., Morard, G., Ravasio, A., Gleason, A., & Alonso-Mori, R. (2023). Ultrafast x-ray detection of low-spin iron in molten silicate under deep planetary interior conditions. Science Advances, 9(42), Article adi6153. https://doi.org/10.1126/SCIADV.ADI6153

Shim, SH, Ko, B, Sokaras, D, Nagler, B, Lee, HJ, Galtier, E, Glenzer, S, Granados, E, Vinci, T, Fiquet, G, Dolinschi, J, Tappan, J, Kulka, B, Mao, WL, Morard, G, Ravasio, A, Gleason, A & Alonso-Mori, R 2023, 'Ultrafast x-ray detection of low-spin iron in molten silicate under deep planetary interior conditions', Science Advances, vol. 9, no. 42, adi6153. https://doi.org/10.1126/SCIADV.ADI6153

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title = "Ultrafast x-ray detection of low-spin iron in molten silicate under deep planetary interior conditions",

abstract = "The spin state of Fe can alter the key physical properties of silicate melts, affecting the early differentiation and the dynamic stability of the melts in the deep rocky planets. The low-spin state of Fe can increase the aﬃnity of Fe for the melt over the solid phases and the electrical conductivity of melt at high pressures. However, the spin state of Fe has never been measured in dense silicate melts due to experimental challenges. We report detection of dominantly low-spin Fe in dynamically compressed olivine melt at 150 to 256 gigapascals and 3000 to 6000 kelvin using laser-driven shock wave compression combined with femtosecond x-ray diffraction and x-ray emission spectroscopy using an x-ray free electron laser. The observation of dominantly low-spin Fe supports gravitationally stable melt in the deep mantle and generation of a dynamo from the silicate melt portion of rocky planets.",

author = "Shim, {Sang Heon} and Byeongkwan Ko and Dimosthenis Sokaras and Bob Nagler and Lee, {He Ja} and Eric Galtier and Siegfried Glenzer and Eduardo Granados and Tommaso Vinci and Guillaume Fiquet and Jonathan Dolinschi and Jackie Tappan and Britany Kulka and Mao, {Wendy L.} and Guillaume Morard and Alessandra Ravasio and Arianna Gleason and Roberto Alonso-Mori",

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doi = "10.1126/SCIADV.ADI6153",

language = "English (US)",

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AU - Shim, Sang Heon

AU - Ko, Byeongkwan

AU - Sokaras, Dimosthenis

AU - Nagler, Bob

AU - Lee, He Ja

AU - Galtier, Eric

AU - Glenzer, Siegfried

AU - Granados, Eduardo

AU - Vinci, Tommaso

AU - Fiquet, Guillaume

AU - Dolinschi, Jonathan

AU - Tappan, Jackie

AU - Kulka, Britany

AU - Mao, Wendy L.

AU - Morard, Guillaume

AU - Ravasio, Alessandra

AU - Gleason, Arianna

AU - Alonso-Mori, Roberto

PY - 2023

Y1 - 2023

N2 - The spin state of Fe can alter the key physical properties of silicate melts, affecting the early differentiation and the dynamic stability of the melts in the deep rocky planets. The low-spin state of Fe can increase the aﬃnity of Fe for the melt over the solid phases and the electrical conductivity of melt at high pressures. However, the spin state of Fe has never been measured in dense silicate melts due to experimental challenges. We report detection of dominantly low-spin Fe in dynamically compressed olivine melt at 150 to 256 gigapascals and 3000 to 6000 kelvin using laser-driven shock wave compression combined with femtosecond x-ray diffraction and x-ray emission spectroscopy using an x-ray free electron laser. The observation of dominantly low-spin Fe supports gravitationally stable melt in the deep mantle and generation of a dynamo from the silicate melt portion of rocky planets.

AB - The spin state of Fe can alter the key physical properties of silicate melts, affecting the early differentiation and the dynamic stability of the melts in the deep rocky planets. The low-spin state of Fe can increase the aﬃnity of Fe for the melt over the solid phases and the electrical conductivity of melt at high pressures. However, the spin state of Fe has never been measured in dense silicate melts due to experimental challenges. We report detection of dominantly low-spin Fe in dynamically compressed olivine melt at 150 to 256 gigapascals and 3000 to 6000 kelvin using laser-driven shock wave compression combined with femtosecond x-ray diffraction and x-ray emission spectroscopy using an x-ray free electron laser. The observation of dominantly low-spin Fe supports gravitationally stable melt in the deep mantle and generation of a dynamo from the silicate melt portion of rocky planets.

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Ultrafast x-ray detection of low-spin iron in molten silicate under deep planetary interior conditions

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