Tumor Tropism of DNA Viruses for Oncolytic Virotherapy

Junior A. Enow, Hummad I. Sheikh, Masmudur M. Rahman

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

2 Scopus citations

Abstract

Oncolytic viruses (OVs) have emerged as one of the most promising cancer immunotherapy agents that selectively target and kill cancer cells while sparing normal cells. OVs are from diverse families of viruses and can possess either a DNA or an RNA genome. These viruses also have either a natural or engineered tropism for cancer cells. Oncolytic DNA viruses have the additional advantage of a stable genome and multiple-transgene insertion capability without compromising infection or replication. Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), a member of the oncolytic DNA viruses, has been approved for the treatment of cancers. This success with HSV-1 was achievable by introducing multiple genetic modifications within the virus to enhance cancer selectivity and reduce the toxicity to healthy cells. Here, we review the natural characteristics of and genetically engineered changes in selected DNA viruses that enhance the tumor tropism of these oncolytic viruses.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Article number2262
JournalViruses
Volume15
Issue number11
DOIs
StatePublished - Nov 2023

Keywords

  • DNA virus
  • adenovirus
  • herpesvirus
  • oncolytic virotherapy
  • oncolytic virus
  • poxvirus
  • tumor tropism

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Virology

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