Abstract
Background: Susceptibility to severe viral infections was reported to be associated with genetic variants in immune response genes using case reports and GWAS studies. SARS-CoV-2 is an emergent viral disease that caused millions of COVID-19 cases all over the world. Around 15 % of cases are severe and some of them are accompanied by dysregulated immune system and cytokine storm. There is increasing evidence that severe manifestations of COVID-19 might be attributed to human genetic variants in genes related to immune deficiency and or inflammasome activation (cytokine storm). Objective: Identify the candidate genes that are likely to aid in explaining severe COVID-19 and provide insights to understand the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19. Methods: In this article, we systematically reviewed genes related to viral susceptibility that were reported in human genetic studies (Case-reports and GWAS) to understand the role of host viral interactions and to provide insights into the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19. Results: We found 40 genes associated with viral susceptibility and 21 of them were associated with severe SARS-CoV disease and severe COVID-19. Some of those genes were implicated in TLR pathways, others in C-lectin pathways, and others were related to inflammasome activation (cytokine storm). Conclusion: This compilation represents a list of candidate genes that are likely to aid in explaining severe COVID-19 which are worthy of inclusion in gene panels and during meta-analysis of different variants in host genetics studies of COVID-19. In addition, we provide several hypotheses for severe COVID-19 and possible therapeutic targets.
Original language | English (US) |
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Article number | 198163 |
Journal | Virus research |
Volume | 289 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Nov 2020 |
Keywords
- C-lectin pathways
- COVID-19
- COVID-19 GWAS
- COVID-19 pathogenesis
- Coronavirus
- Cytokine storm
- Host genetics
- Host immune defenses
- Inborn errors of immunity
- Inflammasome
- Interferon
- Interleukins
- SARS-coronavirus 2
- TLR pathway
- Viral susceptibility
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Virology
- Infectious Diseases
- Cancer Research