Sustainable Replacement of Aging Drinking Water Lines Using Horizontal Directional Drilling Technology

Engineering & Materials Science

• Water piping systems 100%
• Directional drilling 92%
• Horizontal drilling 91%
• Potable water 84%
• Aging of materials 53%
• Polyvinyl chlorides 22%
• Asbestos cement 22%
• Productivity 21%
• Pipe 10%
• Traffic control 7%
• Water 7%
• Environmental impact 6%
• Deterioration 6%
• Repair 5%

Earth & Environmental Sciences

• shoreline 59%
• replacement 54%
• drinking water 51%
• drilling 51%
• asbestos cement 20%
• productivity 18%
• traffic 16%
• trenchless technology 10%
• pipe 10%
• traffic control 10%
• repair and maintenance 9%
• city 7%
• project 7%
• municipality 6%
• comparison 5%
• environmental impact 5%
• infrastructure 4%
• services 4%
• water 4%
• method 2%
• rate 2%

Social Sciences

• productivity 55%
• water 52%
• traffic 49%
• traffic control 26%
• city center 18%
• environmental impact 15%
• municipality 14%
• infrastructure 11%