TY - JOUR
T1 - Signaling of de-adhesion in cellular regulation and motility
AU - Greenwood, Jeffrey A.
AU - Murphy-Ullrich, Joanne E.
N1 - Copyright:
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 1998/12/1
Y1 - 1998/12/1
N2 - Adhesion is a process that can be divided into three separate stages: (1) cell attachment, (2) cell spreading, and (3) the formation of focal adhesions and stress fibers. With each stage the adhesive strength of the cell increases. De-adhesion can be defined as the process involving the transition of the cell from a strongly adherent state, characterized by focal adhesions and stress fibers, to a state of intermediate adherence, represented by a cell that is spread, but that lacks stress fibers terminating at adhesion plaques. We propose that this modification of the structural link between the actin cytoskeleton and the extracellular matrix results in a more malleable cellular state conducive for dynamic processes such as cytokinesis, mitogenesis, and motility. Anti-adhesive proteins, including thrombospondin, tenascin, and SPARC, rapidly signal de-adhesion, potentially mediating proliferation and migration during development and wound healing. Intracellular signaling molecules involved in the regulation of de-adhesion are only beginning to be identified. Interestingly, many of the same signaling proteins recognized to play important roles during the process of adhesion have also been found to act during de-adhesion. Characterization of the precise mechanisms by which these signals modulate adhesive structures and the cytoskeleton will further our understanding of the regulation of adhesive strength and its function in cellular physiology.
AB - Adhesion is a process that can be divided into three separate stages: (1) cell attachment, (2) cell spreading, and (3) the formation of focal adhesions and stress fibers. With each stage the adhesive strength of the cell increases. De-adhesion can be defined as the process involving the transition of the cell from a strongly adherent state, characterized by focal adhesions and stress fibers, to a state of intermediate adherence, represented by a cell that is spread, but that lacks stress fibers terminating at adhesion plaques. We propose that this modification of the structural link between the actin cytoskeleton and the extracellular matrix results in a more malleable cellular state conducive for dynamic processes such as cytokinesis, mitogenesis, and motility. Anti-adhesive proteins, including thrombospondin, tenascin, and SPARC, rapidly signal de-adhesion, potentially mediating proliferation and migration during development and wound healing. Intracellular signaling molecules involved in the regulation of de-adhesion are only beginning to be identified. Interestingly, many of the same signaling proteins recognized to play important roles during the process of adhesion have also been found to act during de-adhesion. Characterization of the precise mechanisms by which these signals modulate adhesive structures and the cytoskeleton will further our understanding of the regulation of adhesive strength and its function in cellular physiology.
KW - Cell adhesion
KW - Extracellular matrix
KW - Focal adhesion
KW - Stress fibers
KW - Thrombospondin
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U2 - 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0029(19981201)43:5<420::AID-JEMT8>3.0.CO;2-B
DO - 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0029(19981201)43:5<420::AID-JEMT8>3.0.CO;2-B
M3 - Review article
C2 - 9858339
AN - SCOPUS:0032374079
SN - 1059-910X
VL - 43
SP - 420
EP - 432
JO - Microscopy Research and Technique
JF - Microscopy Research and Technique
IS - 5
ER -