Peering into the dark (ages) with low-frequency space interferometers: Using the 21-cm signal of neutral hydrogen from the infant universe to probe fundamental (Astro)physics

Léon V.E. Koopmans; Rennan Barkana; Mark Bentum; Gianni Bernardi; Albert Jan Boonstra; Judd Bowman; Jack Burns; Xuelei Chen; Abhirup Datta; Heino Falcke; Anastasia Fialkov; Bharat Gehlot; Leonid Gurvits; Vibor Jelić; Marc Klein-Wolt; Joseph Lazio; Daan Meerburg; Garrelt Mellema; Florent Mertens; Andrei Mesinger; André Offringa; Jonathan Pritchard; Benoit Semelin; Ravi Subrahmanyan; Joseph Silk; Cathryn Trott; Harish Vedantham; Licia Verde; Saleem Zaroubi; Philippe Zarka

doi:10.1007/s10686-021-09743-7

Peering into the dark (ages) with low-frequency space interferometers: Using the 21-cm signal of neutral hydrogen from the infant universe to probe fundamental (Astro)physics

Léon V.E. Koopmans, Rennan Barkana, Mark Bentum, Gianni Bernardi, Albert Jan Boonstra, Judd Bowman, Jack Burns, Xuelei Chen, Abhirup Datta, Heino Falcke, Anastasia Fialkov, Bharat Gehlot, Leonid Gurvits, Vibor Jelić, Marc Klein-Wolt, Joseph Lazio, Daan Meerburg, Garrelt Mellema, Florent Mertens, Andrei MesingerAndré Offringa, Jonathan Pritchard, Benoit Semelin, Ravi Subrahmanyan, Joseph Silk, Cathryn Trott, Harish Vedantham, Licia Verde, Saleem Zaroubi, Philippe Zarka

Earth and Space Exploration, School of (SESE)

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

10 Scopus citations

Abstract

The Dark Ages and Cosmic Dawn are largely unexplored windows on the infant Universe (z ~ 200–10). Observations of the redshifted 21-cm line of neutral hydrogen can provide valuable new insight into fundamental physics and astrophysics during these eras that no other probe can provide, and drives the design of many future ground-based instruments such as the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) and the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array (HERA). We review progress in the field of high-redshift 21-cm Cosmology, in particular focussing on what questions can be addressed by probing the Dark Ages at z > 30. We conclude that only a space- or lunar-based radio telescope, shielded from the Earth’s radio-frequency interference (RFI) signals and its ionosphere, enable the 21-cm signal from the Dark Ages to be detected. We suggest a generic mission design concept, CoDEX, that will enable this in the coming decades.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	1641-1676
Number of pages	36
Journal	Experimental Astronomy
Volume	51
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s10686-021-09743-7
State	Published - Jun 2021

Keywords

21-cm cosmology
Cosmic dawn
Dark ages
Epoch of reionization
Space or lunar-based radio telescopes

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Planetary Science

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10.1007/s10686-021-09743-7

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Koopmans, L. V. E., Barkana, R., Bentum, M., Bernardi, G., Boonstra, A. J., Bowman, J., Burns, J., Chen, X., Datta, A., Falcke, H., Fialkov, A., Gehlot, B., Gurvits, L., Jelić, V., Klein-Wolt, M., Lazio, J., Meerburg, D., Mellema, G., Mertens, F., ... Zarka, P. (2021). Peering into the dark (ages) with low-frequency space interferometers: Using the 21-cm signal of neutral hydrogen from the infant universe to probe fundamental (Astro)physics. Experimental Astronomy, 51(3), 1641-1676. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10686-021-09743-7

Peering into the dark (ages) with low-frequency space interferometers: Using the 21-cm signal of neutral hydrogen from the infant universe to probe fundamental (Astro)physics. / Koopmans, Léon V.E.; Barkana, Rennan; Bentum, Mark et al.
In: Experimental Astronomy, Vol. 51, No. 3, 06.2021, p. 1641-1676.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Koopmans, LVE, Barkana, R, Bentum, M, Bernardi, G, Boonstra, AJ, Bowman, J, Burns, J, Chen, X, Datta, A, Falcke, H, Fialkov, A, Gehlot, B, Gurvits, L, Jelić, V, Klein-Wolt, M, Lazio, J, Meerburg, D, Mellema, G, Mertens, F, Mesinger, A, Offringa, A, Pritchard, J, Semelin, B, Subrahmanyan, R, Silk, J, Trott, C, Vedantham, H, Verde, L, Zaroubi, S & Zarka, P 2021, 'Peering into the dark (ages) with low-frequency space interferometers: Using the 21-cm signal of neutral hydrogen from the infant universe to probe fundamental (Astro)physics', Experimental Astronomy, vol. 51, no. 3, pp. 1641-1676. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10686-021-09743-7

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abstract = "The Dark Ages and Cosmic Dawn are largely unexplored windows on the infant Universe (z ~ 200–10). Observations of the redshifted 21-cm line of neutral hydrogen can provide valuable new insight into fundamental physics and astrophysics during these eras that no other probe can provide, and drives the design of many future ground-based instruments such as the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) and the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array (HERA). We review progress in the field of high-redshift 21-cm Cosmology, in particular focussing on what questions can be addressed by probing the Dark Ages at z > 30. We conclude that only a space- or lunar-based radio telescope, shielded from the Earth{\textquoteright}s radio-frequency interference (RFI) signals and its ionosphere, enable the 21-cm signal from the Dark Ages to be detected. We suggest a generic mission design concept, CoDEX, that will enable this in the coming decades.",

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T2 - Using the 21-cm signal of neutral hydrogen from the infant universe to probe fundamental (Astro)physics

AU - Koopmans, Léon V.E.

AU - Barkana, Rennan

AU - Bentum, Mark

AU - Bernardi, Gianni

AU - Boonstra, Albert Jan

AU - Bowman, Judd

AU - Burns, Jack

AU - Chen, Xuelei

AU - Datta, Abhirup

AU - Falcke, Heino

AU - Fialkov, Anastasia

AU - Gehlot, Bharat

AU - Gurvits, Leonid

AU - Jelić, Vibor

AU - Klein-Wolt, Marc

AU - Lazio, Joseph

AU - Meerburg, Daan

AU - Mellema, Garrelt

AU - Mertens, Florent

AU - Mesinger, Andrei

AU - Offringa, André

AU - Pritchard, Jonathan

AU - Semelin, Benoit

AU - Subrahmanyan, Ravi

AU - Silk, Joseph

AU - Trott, Cathryn

AU - Vedantham, Harish

AU - Verde, Licia

AU - Zaroubi, Saleem

AU - Zarka, Philippe

PY - 2021/6

Y1 - 2021/6

N2 - The Dark Ages and Cosmic Dawn are largely unexplored windows on the infant Universe (z ~ 200–10). Observations of the redshifted 21-cm line of neutral hydrogen can provide valuable new insight into fundamental physics and astrophysics during these eras that no other probe can provide, and drives the design of many future ground-based instruments such as the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) and the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array (HERA). We review progress in the field of high-redshift 21-cm Cosmology, in particular focussing on what questions can be addressed by probing the Dark Ages at z > 30. We conclude that only a space- or lunar-based radio telescope, shielded from the Earth’s radio-frequency interference (RFI) signals and its ionosphere, enable the 21-cm signal from the Dark Ages to be detected. We suggest a generic mission design concept, CoDEX, that will enable this in the coming decades.

AB - The Dark Ages and Cosmic Dawn are largely unexplored windows on the infant Universe (z ~ 200–10). Observations of the redshifted 21-cm line of neutral hydrogen can provide valuable new insight into fundamental physics and astrophysics during these eras that no other probe can provide, and drives the design of many future ground-based instruments such as the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) and the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array (HERA). We review progress in the field of high-redshift 21-cm Cosmology, in particular focussing on what questions can be addressed by probing the Dark Ages at z > 30. We conclude that only a space- or lunar-based radio telescope, shielded from the Earth’s radio-frequency interference (RFI) signals and its ionosphere, enable the 21-cm signal from the Dark Ages to be detected. We suggest a generic mission design concept, CoDEX, that will enable this in the coming decades.

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KW - Epoch of reionization

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Peering into the dark (ages) with low-frequency space interferometers: Using the 21-cm signal of neutral hydrogen from the infant universe to probe fundamental (Astro)physics

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