TY - JOUR
T1 - Out of sequence faulting in the backbone range, Taiwan
T2 - Implications for thickening and exhumation processes
AU - Lee, Yuan Hsi
AU - Byrne, Timothy B.
AU - Lo, Wei
AU - Wang, Shao Jyun
AU - Tsao, Shuh Jong
AU - Chen, Cheng Hong
AU - Yu, Han Cheng
AU - Tan, Xinbin
AU - van Soest, Matthijs
AU - Hodges, Kip
AU - Mesalles, Lucas
AU - Robinson, Holden
AU - Fosdick, Julie C.
N1 - Funding Information:
Fundamental Research Funds for the Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration ( IGCEA2004 ).
Funding Information:
This study was funded by the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan, R.O.C., the Fundamental Research Funds for the Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration ( IGCEA2004 ), the US National Sciences Foundation ( EAR-1220453 to Byrne), and the Geological Society of America Graduate Student Research Grant Program. The Basin Analysis and Helium Thermochronology Laboratory is supported by National Science Foundation Award EAR 1735492 . One of the authors, Shuh-Jong Tsao, passed away during the review period and this article commemorates his many contributions to understanding orogenic processes in Taiwan. Dr. Tsao was an early leader in K-Ar dating, illite crystallinity, and fission track dating in Taiwan and these early works continue to be referenced and incorporated into new ideas and models of the orogen, including the research presented here.
Funding Information:
This study was funded by the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan, R.O.C. the Fundamental Research Funds for the Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration (IGCEA2004), the US National Sciences Foundation (EAR-1220453 to Byrne), and the Geological Society of America Graduate Student Research Grant Program. The Basin Analysis and Helium Thermochronology Laboratory is supported by National Science Foundation Award EAR 1735492. One of the authors, Shuh-Jong Tsao, passed away during the review period and this article commemorates his many contributions to understanding orogenic processes in Taiwan. Dr. Tsao was an early leader in K-Ar dating, illite crystallinity, and fission track dating in Taiwan and these early works continue to be referenced and incorporated into new ideas and models of the orogen, including the research presented here. Early versions of the manuscript were improved significantly by thoughtful reviews by two anonymous reviewers and the editor, Alex Webb. Funding, All of the sources of funding for the work described in this publication are acknowledged below:, Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan, R.O.C. (MOST-107-2116-M-194-002-MY3), National Science Council, Taiwan R.O.C. (NSC80-0202-M-002-23). Fundamental Research Funds for the Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration (IGCEA2004). US National Sciences Foundation (EAR-1220453 and EAR 1735492), Geological Society of America (GSA-13177-21).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2022/9/15
Y1 - 2022/9/15
N2 - The Taiwan orogenic belt results from convergence between the Philippine Sea plate and Eurasia plate since the late Cenozoic. An extremely high exhumation rate has been observed in the Backbone Range, which has motivated interpretive models that show underplating as the primary process in driving uplift and thickening. Here we integrate new (U-Th)/He and fission-track dates of detrital zircons with previously published thermochronology to document a significant out-of-sequence thrust in the core of Taiwan orogen. The thrust, informally named the Tayulin fault system, is identified by structural kinematics and offset metamorphic temperature trends, low-temperature thermochronometric dates, and seismic tomography. The OOST appears to be composed of three segments that crop out along the western flank of the Backbone Range. The apparent age-elevation profiles suggest a relatively slow exhumation rate, <1.0 mm/yr, in the early stages from 8 Ma to 2 Ma followed by a stage of significantly higher exhumation rates, ranging from 2.3 to 6.5 mm/yr after 2 Ma. The early slow exhumation stage is related to regional folding and foliation development. In contrast, we suggest the younger rapid exhumation stage is related to slip on the out-of-sequence thrust.
AB - The Taiwan orogenic belt results from convergence between the Philippine Sea plate and Eurasia plate since the late Cenozoic. An extremely high exhumation rate has been observed in the Backbone Range, which has motivated interpretive models that show underplating as the primary process in driving uplift and thickening. Here we integrate new (U-Th)/He and fission-track dates of detrital zircons with previously published thermochronology to document a significant out-of-sequence thrust in the core of Taiwan orogen. The thrust, informally named the Tayulin fault system, is identified by structural kinematics and offset metamorphic temperature trends, low-temperature thermochronometric dates, and seismic tomography. The OOST appears to be composed of three segments that crop out along the western flank of the Backbone Range. The apparent age-elevation profiles suggest a relatively slow exhumation rate, <1.0 mm/yr, in the early stages from 8 Ma to 2 Ma followed by a stage of significantly higher exhumation rates, ranging from 2.3 to 6.5 mm/yr after 2 Ma. The early slow exhumation stage is related to regional folding and foliation development. In contrast, we suggest the younger rapid exhumation stage is related to slip on the out-of-sequence thrust.
KW - Taiwan orogenic belt
KW - exhumation process
KW - out of sequence thrust
KW - thermochronology dates
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U2 - 10.1016/j.epsl.2022.117711
DO - 10.1016/j.epsl.2022.117711
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85135779480
SN - 0012-821X
VL - 594
JO - Earth and Planetary Science Letters
JF - Earth and Planetary Science Letters
M1 - 117711
ER -