TY - JOUR
T1 - MRI-Detectable Nanoparticles
T2 - The Potential Role in the Diagnosis of and Therapy for Chronic Kidney Disease
AU - Charlton, Jennifer R.
AU - Beeman, Scott C.
AU - Bennett, Kevin M.
N1 - Funding Information:
J.C.'s work is supported by a grant from The Hartwell Foundation . K.M.B.'s work is supported by the American Heart Association grant 12BGIA9840020 , National Institutes of Health (NIH) grant NIH DK091722 , and a grant from the NIH Diabetic Complications Consortium .
PY - 2013/11
Y1 - 2013/11
N2 - Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common, deadly, and expensive threat to public health. Patients susceptible to the development of CKD are difficult to identify because there are few noninvasive clinical techniques and markers to assess early kidney dysfunction. Noninvasive imaging techniques are being developed to quantitatively measure kidney morphology and function in preclinical research and in clinical trials. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques in particular have the potential to provide structural and functional information in the kidney. Novel molecular imaging techniques, using targeted magnetic nanoparticles that exploit the characteristics of the endogenous protein, ferritin, have been developed in conjunction with MRI to count every perfused glomerulus in the kidney and measure their individual volumes. This technique could open the door to the possibility of prospectively assessing and eventually reducing a patient's risk for progression to CKD. This review highlights the potential clinical benefits of early detection in patients predisposed to CKD and discusses technologic and regulatory hurdles to the translation of these molecular MRI techniques to provide early diagnosis of CKD.
AB - Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common, deadly, and expensive threat to public health. Patients susceptible to the development of CKD are difficult to identify because there are few noninvasive clinical techniques and markers to assess early kidney dysfunction. Noninvasive imaging techniques are being developed to quantitatively measure kidney morphology and function in preclinical research and in clinical trials. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques in particular have the potential to provide structural and functional information in the kidney. Novel molecular imaging techniques, using targeted magnetic nanoparticles that exploit the characteristics of the endogenous protein, ferritin, have been developed in conjunction with MRI to count every perfused glomerulus in the kidney and measure their individual volumes. This technique could open the door to the possibility of prospectively assessing and eventually reducing a patient's risk for progression to CKD. This review highlights the potential clinical benefits of early detection in patients predisposed to CKD and discusses technologic and regulatory hurdles to the translation of these molecular MRI techniques to provide early diagnosis of CKD.
KW - Chronic kidney disease
KW - Glomerular counting and sizing
KW - Kidney
KW - Magnetic resonance imaging
KW - Stereology
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U2 - 10.1053/j.ackd.2013.06.002
DO - 10.1053/j.ackd.2013.06.002
M3 - Review article
C2 - 24206600
AN - SCOPUS:84886426105
SN - 1548-5595
VL - 20
SP - 479
EP - 487
JO - Advances in Chronic Kidney Disease
JF - Advances in Chronic Kidney Disease
IS - 6
ER -