TY - JOUR
T1 - Monitoring requirements for groundwaters under the influence of reclaimed water
AU - Fox, Peter
N1 - Funding Information:
Partial funding for this project was provided by the City of Mesa, the City of Phoenix, the City of Scottsdale, the City of Tempe, the City of Glendale, Tucson Water, County Sanitation Districts of Los Angeles County, the AWWA Research Foundation (AWWARF), and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The funding agencies assume no responsibility for the content of the research reported in this publication or for the opinions or statements of fact expressed in the report.
PY - 2001
Y1 - 2001
N2 - Monitoring groundwaters under the influence of reclaimed water must consider the major constituents of concern in reclaimed water. This research focused on the fate of dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen species at field sites located throughout the Southwestern United States. A watershed approach was developed to predict the fate of dissolved organic carbon as a function of the drinking water dissolved organic carbon concentration and the total dissolved solids concentration in the reclaimed water. Extensive characterization of the dissolved organic carbon recovered from groundwaters under the influence of reclaimed water was done. With the exception of fluorescence spectroscopy, the dissolved organic carbon present in effluent organic matter was similar in structure, character and reactivity as compared to natural organic matter. Evidence for sustainable nitrogen removal mechanisms during groundwater recharge with reclaimed water was obtained. The autotrophic reaction between ammonia and nitrate appears to a mechanism for the removal nitrogen in a carbon-depleted environment. The monitoring tools and methodologies developed in this research can be used to assure protection of public health and determine the sustainability of indirect potable reuse projects.
AB - Monitoring groundwaters under the influence of reclaimed water must consider the major constituents of concern in reclaimed water. This research focused on the fate of dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen species at field sites located throughout the Southwestern United States. A watershed approach was developed to predict the fate of dissolved organic carbon as a function of the drinking water dissolved organic carbon concentration and the total dissolved solids concentration in the reclaimed water. Extensive characterization of the dissolved organic carbon recovered from groundwaters under the influence of reclaimed water was done. With the exception of fluorescence spectroscopy, the dissolved organic carbon present in effluent organic matter was similar in structure, character and reactivity as compared to natural organic matter. Evidence for sustainable nitrogen removal mechanisms during groundwater recharge with reclaimed water was obtained. The autotrophic reaction between ammonia and nitrate appears to a mechanism for the removal nitrogen in a carbon-depleted environment. The monitoring tools and methodologies developed in this research can be used to assure protection of public health and determine the sustainability of indirect potable reuse projects.
KW - Autotrophic reaction
KW - Fluorescence spectroscopy
KW - Organic carbon
KW - Sustainable nitrogen removal mechanisms
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U2 - 10.1023/A:1010693517109
DO - 10.1023/A:1010693517109
M3 - Article
C2 - 11516009
AN - SCOPUS:0034915057
SN - 0167-6369
VL - 70
SP - 117
EP - 133
JO - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
IS - 1-2
ER -