@article{92601a376d114036934efb61a83ea3de,
title = "Increasing greenhouse production by spectral-shifting and unidirectional light-extracting photonics",
abstract = "Improving photosynthesis and light capture increases crop yield and paves a sustainable way to meet the growing global food demand. Here we introduce a spectral-shifting microphotonic thin film as a greenhouse envelope that can be scalably manufactured for augmented photosynthesis. By breaking the intrinsic propagation symmetry of light, the photonic microstructures can extract 89% of the internally generated light and deliver most of that in one direction towards photosynthetic organisms. The microphotonic film augments lettuce production by more than 20% in both indoor facilities with electric lighting and in a greenhouse with natural sunlight, offering the possibility of increasing crop production efficiency in controlled environments.",
author = "Lihua Shen and Runnan Lou and Yujin Park and Yuning Guo and Stallknecht, {Eric J.} and Yinzi Xiao and David Rieder and Ronggui Yang and Runkle, {Erik S.} and Xiaobo Yin",
note = "Funding Information: This work is supported by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation under grant number 6884 and the National Institute of Food and Agriculture under grant number 2017-07652. We thank M. Rhode and J. Uhrich for assisting with precision machining of the replica moulds; J. Chalmers, K. Yang, Y. Zhai and I. Berman for assisting with blade coating; and N. DuRussel for providing greenhouse technical assistance. We are grateful to J. Klausner, A. Benard and M. Adeney for fruitful discussions about greenhouse technologies and agricultural practices. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.",
year = "2021",
month = jun,
doi = "10.1038/s43016-021-00307-8",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "2",
pages = "434--441",
journal = "Nature Food",
issn = "2662-1355",
publisher = "Springer Nature",
number = "6",
}