TY - JOUR
T1 - Implications of habitat fragmentation on the diet of bearded saki monkeys in central Amazonian forest
AU - Boyle, Sarah A.
AU - Zartman, Charles E.
AU - Spironello, Wilson R.
AU - Smith, Andrew T.
N1 - Funding Information:
Abbreviations: MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinases; ERK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase; JNK, c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase; p38 kinase, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase; MBP, myelin basic protein; IL-6, interleukin 6; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor α. From the Department of 1Legal Medicine and 2Pathology, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Japan. Received July 24, 2001; accepted April 17, 2002. Supported by grants 12670409 (H.N.) and 11470121 (K.S.) from the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports, and Culture of Japan. Address reprint requests to: Koichi Suzuki, M.D., Department of Legal Medicine, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku, Takatsuki, 569-8686, Japan. E-mail: leg010@art.osaka-med.ac.jp; fax: (81) 726-84-6515. Copyright © 2002 by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. 0270-9139/02/3601-0011$35.00/0 doi:10.1053/jhep.2002.34131
PY - 2012/9
Y1 - 2012/9
N2 - Forest fragmentation demonstrably alters plant species composition, distribution, and diversity, and, in turn, may affect the availability of food resources for primary consumers. We investigated to what extent fragmentation affected the diets of 6 groups of bearded saki monkeys (Chiropotes chiropotes) living in two 10-ha fragments, two 100-ha fragments that were no longer fully isolated, and 2 areas of continuous forest in central Amazonia. When changes occurred we tested whether differences in diet were due to plant species availability by comparing the prevalence of consumed items against their relative abundance at the 6 sites. In total, the monkeys consumed fruits, seeds, flowers, and leaves of 244 plant species, of which less than 2 were shared among all 6 groups. Although there was a positive correlation between relative abundance of diet species and consumption frequency, monkeys did not eat all available potential resources, and groups inhabiting the 10-ha fragments consumed items that were ignored in larger forested areas. Our findings suggest that bearded sakis living in small forest fragments are limited in their dietary choices as a consequence of the reduced number of plant species present, and therefore consume species that monkeys inhabiting continuous forests typically can ignore. We conclude that the ability to consume a diverse diet that includes seeds and unripe fruit helps this species survive in forest fragments, but it appears that these conditions are unviable unless connectivity increases among the forest fragments and continuous forest in the landscape.
AB - Forest fragmentation demonstrably alters plant species composition, distribution, and diversity, and, in turn, may affect the availability of food resources for primary consumers. We investigated to what extent fragmentation affected the diets of 6 groups of bearded saki monkeys (Chiropotes chiropotes) living in two 10-ha fragments, two 100-ha fragments that were no longer fully isolated, and 2 areas of continuous forest in central Amazonia. When changes occurred we tested whether differences in diet were due to plant species availability by comparing the prevalence of consumed items against their relative abundance at the 6 sites. In total, the monkeys consumed fruits, seeds, flowers, and leaves of 244 plant species, of which less than 2 were shared among all 6 groups. Although there was a positive correlation between relative abundance of diet species and consumption frequency, monkeys did not eat all available potential resources, and groups inhabiting the 10-ha fragments consumed items that were ignored in larger forested areas. Our findings suggest that bearded sakis living in small forest fragments are limited in their dietary choices as a consequence of the reduced number of plant species present, and therefore consume species that monkeys inhabiting continuous forests typically can ignore. We conclude that the ability to consume a diverse diet that includes seeds and unripe fruit helps this species survive in forest fragments, but it appears that these conditions are unviable unless connectivity increases among the forest fragments and continuous forest in the landscape.
KW - Brazil
KW - Chiropotes
KW - forest fragment
KW - frugivore
KW - primate
KW - seed predator
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U2 - 10.1644/11-MAMM-A-286.1
DO - 10.1644/11-MAMM-A-286.1
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84866614781
SN - 0022-2372
VL - 93
SP - 959
EP - 976
JO - Journal of Mammalogy
JF - Journal of Mammalogy
IS - 4
ER -