TY - JOUR
T1 - Growth, Flowering, and Fruit Production of Strawberry ‘Albion’ in Response to Photoperiod and Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density of Sole-Source Lighting
AU - Park, Yujin
AU - Sethi, Rashmi
AU - Temnyk, Stephanie
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was funded by start-up funds from College of Integrative Sciences and Arts at Arizona State University.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 by the authors.
PY - 2023/2
Y1 - 2023/2
N2 - Beyond producing leafy greens, there is a growing interest in strawberry production on indoor vertical farms. Considering that sole-source lighting is one of the most important components for successful indoor crop production, we investigated how photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) and the photoperiod of sole-source lighting affected plant growth, flowering, and fruit production in strawberry ‘Albion.’ Bare-rooted strawberry plants were grown in deep water culture hydroponics inside an indoor vertical farm at 21 °C under white + blue + red light-emitting diodes at a PPFD of 200, 300, or 450 µmol∙m−2∙s−1 with a 12-h or 16-h photoperiod. Under both photoperiods, increasing PPFD from 200 to 450 µmol∙m−2∙s−1 linearly increased crown diameter by 18–64%, shoot fresh and dry mass by 38–80%, and root fresh and dry mass by 19–48%. Under a PPFD ≥ 300 µmol∙m−2∙s−1, root fresh and dry biomass increased by 95–108% and 41–44%, respectively, with an increasing photoperiod from 12 to 16 h. In addition, increasing the photoperiod from 12 to 16 h accelerated flowering by 17–21 days under a PPFD ≥ 300 µmol∙m−2∙s−1 and first fruit harvest by 17 days at a PPFD of 450 µmol∙m−2∙s−1. Regardless of PPFD, strawberry fruit production (g·m−2·month−1) increased by 372–989% under a 16-h photoperiod in comparison to under a 12-h photoperiod. In contrast, there was little effect of PPFD on fruit production. Our results suggest that increasing the PPFD or photoperiod can increase strawberry plant growth, but increasing the photoperiod can have a dominant effect on increasing early fruit production in strawberry ‘Albion’.
AB - Beyond producing leafy greens, there is a growing interest in strawberry production on indoor vertical farms. Considering that sole-source lighting is one of the most important components for successful indoor crop production, we investigated how photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) and the photoperiod of sole-source lighting affected plant growth, flowering, and fruit production in strawberry ‘Albion.’ Bare-rooted strawberry plants were grown in deep water culture hydroponics inside an indoor vertical farm at 21 °C under white + blue + red light-emitting diodes at a PPFD of 200, 300, or 450 µmol∙m−2∙s−1 with a 12-h or 16-h photoperiod. Under both photoperiods, increasing PPFD from 200 to 450 µmol∙m−2∙s−1 linearly increased crown diameter by 18–64%, shoot fresh and dry mass by 38–80%, and root fresh and dry mass by 19–48%. Under a PPFD ≥ 300 µmol∙m−2∙s−1, root fresh and dry biomass increased by 95–108% and 41–44%, respectively, with an increasing photoperiod from 12 to 16 h. In addition, increasing the photoperiod from 12 to 16 h accelerated flowering by 17–21 days under a PPFD ≥ 300 µmol∙m−2∙s−1 and first fruit harvest by 17 days at a PPFD of 450 µmol∙m−2∙s−1. Regardless of PPFD, strawberry fruit production (g·m−2·month−1) increased by 372–989% under a 16-h photoperiod in comparison to under a 12-h photoperiod. In contrast, there was little effect of PPFD on fruit production. Our results suggest that increasing the PPFD or photoperiod can increase strawberry plant growth, but increasing the photoperiod can have a dominant effect on increasing early fruit production in strawberry ‘Albion’.
KW - controlled environment
KW - fruit production
KW - hydroponics
KW - light intensity
KW - photoperiod
KW - sole-source LED lighting
KW - strawberry
KW - vertical farming
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U2 - 10.3390/plants12040731
DO - 10.3390/plants12040731
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85149127429
SN - 2223-7747
VL - 12
JO - Plants
JF - Plants
IS - 4
M1 - 731
ER -