TY - JOUR
T1 - Conceptual and empirical obstacles in defining MS-13
T2 - Law-enforcement perspectives
AU - Barak, Maya P.
AU - León, Kenneth Sebastian
AU - Maguire, Edward R.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 American Society of Criminology
PY - 2020/5/1
Y1 - 2020/5/1
N2 - Research Summary: Past and present gang scholarship is marked by debate as to the appropriate criteria for defining gangs and gang membership. Mara Salvatrucha, or MS-13, highlights some obstacles in conceptualizing gangs and operationalizing gang membership. Although MS-13 has generated attention in recent years, little systematic criminological research exists on the gang. Drawing on in-depth interviews and surveys of law-enforcement gang experts, we link long-standing issues of gang definition and measurement to MS-13 in the Washington, D.C., metropolitan area. Policy Implications: Gang and immigration enforcement are inextricably linked in the case of MS-13. The ambiguous, contested, and varied means by which gangs are defined and labeled may result in the overpolicing and overcriminalization of young immigrants of color and youth of color in general. Beyond unsubstantiated police stops, arrests, convictions, and gang enhancements, such labeling practices may lead to collateral immigration consequences including deportation and permanent bars to reentry into the United States.
AB - Research Summary: Past and present gang scholarship is marked by debate as to the appropriate criteria for defining gangs and gang membership. Mara Salvatrucha, or MS-13, highlights some obstacles in conceptualizing gangs and operationalizing gang membership. Although MS-13 has generated attention in recent years, little systematic criminological research exists on the gang. Drawing on in-depth interviews and surveys of law-enforcement gang experts, we link long-standing issues of gang definition and measurement to MS-13 in the Washington, D.C., metropolitan area. Policy Implications: Gang and immigration enforcement are inextricably linked in the case of MS-13. The ambiguous, contested, and varied means by which gangs are defined and labeled may result in the overpolicing and overcriminalization of young immigrants of color and youth of color in general. Beyond unsubstantiated police stops, arrests, convictions, and gang enhancements, such labeling practices may lead to collateral immigration consequences including deportation and permanent bars to reentry into the United States.
KW - MS-13
KW - Mara Salvatrucha
KW - gangs
KW - policing
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U2 - 10.1111/1745-9133.12493
DO - 10.1111/1745-9133.12493
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85084212598
SN - 1538-6473
VL - 19
SP - 563
EP - 589
JO - Criminology and Public Policy
JF - Criminology and Public Policy
IS - 2
ER -