TY - JOUR
T1 - Benzodiazepine (BZD) Use in Community-Dwelling Older Adults
T2 - Longitudinal Associations with Mobility, Functioning, and Pain
AU - Petrov, Megan
N1 - Funding Information:
Dr. Kennedy is funded in part by grant numbers R01-AG037561, 5 P30 AG031054, 3 UL1 TR000165 05S1, and R01-AG015062 from the National Institutes of Health and H133A070039 from the National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research .
Funding Information:
Dr. Allman is funded in part by grant numbers R01-AG015062 and 5UL1 RR025777 from the National Institutes of Health.
Funding Information:
This work was supported by the National Institute on Aging at the National Institutes of Health ( R01-AG015062 and 5UL1 RR025777 ). Content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily reflect the policy of the National Institute on Aging or the National Institutes of Health.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2014.
PY - 2014
Y1 - 2014
N2 - The aim of the study was to determine the prospective association between baseline benzodiazepine use and mobility, functioning, and pain among urban and rural African-American and non-Hispanic white community-dwelling older adults. From 1999 to 2001, a cohort of 1,000 community-dwelling adults, aged ≥65 years, representing a random sample of Medicare beneficiaries, stratified by ethnicity, sex, and urban/rural residence were recruited. Benzodiazepine use was assessed at an in-home visit. Every six months thereafter, study outcomes were assessed via telephone for 8.5-years. Mobility was assessed with the Life-Space Assessment. Functioning was quantified with level of difficulty in five basic activities of daily living (ADL: bathing, dressing, transferring, toileting, eating), and six instrumental activities of daily living (shopping, managing money, preparing meals, light and heavy housework, telephone use). Pain was measured by frequency per week and the magnitude of interference with daily tasks. All analytic models were adjusted for relevant covariates and mental health symptoms. After multivariable adjustment, baseline benzodiazepine use was significantly associated with greater difficulty with basic ADL (Estimate. =. 0.39, 95%CI: 0.04. -. 0.74), and more frequent pain (Estimate. =. 0.41, 95%CI: 0.09. -. 0.74) in the total sample and declines in mobility among rural residents (Estimate. =. -0.67, t(5,902)= -1.98, p= .048), over 8.5 years. Benzodiazepine use was prospectively associated with greater risk for basic ADL difficulties and frequent pain among African-American and non-Hispanic white community-dwelling older adults, and life-space mobility declines among rural-dwellers, independently of relevant covariates. These findings highlight the potential long-term negative impact of benzodiazepine use among community-dwelling older adults.
AB - The aim of the study was to determine the prospective association between baseline benzodiazepine use and mobility, functioning, and pain among urban and rural African-American and non-Hispanic white community-dwelling older adults. From 1999 to 2001, a cohort of 1,000 community-dwelling adults, aged ≥65 years, representing a random sample of Medicare beneficiaries, stratified by ethnicity, sex, and urban/rural residence were recruited. Benzodiazepine use was assessed at an in-home visit. Every six months thereafter, study outcomes were assessed via telephone for 8.5-years. Mobility was assessed with the Life-Space Assessment. Functioning was quantified with level of difficulty in five basic activities of daily living (ADL: bathing, dressing, transferring, toileting, eating), and six instrumental activities of daily living (shopping, managing money, preparing meals, light and heavy housework, telephone use). Pain was measured by frequency per week and the magnitude of interference with daily tasks. All analytic models were adjusted for relevant covariates and mental health symptoms. After multivariable adjustment, baseline benzodiazepine use was significantly associated with greater difficulty with basic ADL (Estimate. =. 0.39, 95%CI: 0.04. -. 0.74), and more frequent pain (Estimate. =. 0.41, 95%CI: 0.09. -. 0.74) in the total sample and declines in mobility among rural residents (Estimate. =. -0.67, t(5,902)= -1.98, p= .048), over 8.5 years. Benzodiazepine use was prospectively associated with greater risk for basic ADL difficulties and frequent pain among African-American and non-Hispanic white community-dwelling older adults, and life-space mobility declines among rural-dwellers, independently of relevant covariates. These findings highlight the potential long-term negative impact of benzodiazepine use among community-dwelling older adults.
KW - Activities of daily living
KW - Benzodiazepines
KW - Mobility
KW - Older adults
KW - Pain
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U2 - 10.1016/j.archger.2014.04.017
DO - 10.1016/j.archger.2014.04.017
M3 - Article
C2 - 24880195
AN - SCOPUS:84921693075
SN - 0167-4943
VL - 59
SP - 331
EP - 337
JO - Archives of gerontology and geriatrics
JF - Archives of gerontology and geriatrics
IS - 2
ER -