TY - GEN
T1 - Analysis of discharge techniques for multiple battery systems
AU - Rao, R.
AU - Vrudhula, S.
AU - Rakhmatov, D.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2003 ACM.
PY - 2003
Y1 - 2003
N2 - We consider the problem of scheduling multiple identical batteries for discharge in portable electronic systems. Unlike previous work reporting some experimental data to suggest which scheduling schemes are better than others, we arrive at our general conclusions formally, based on the analysis of an accurate high-level model of battery behavior. Our analytical results show that: (1) the lifetime of a parallel discharge schedule is equal to that of an equivalent monolithic battery, (2) the lifetime of a parallel discharge-schedule is no less than that of a sequential discharge schedule, and (3) the lifetime of a switched discharge schedule approaches that of an equivalent monolithic battery as the switching frequency increases. We also derive bounds on the lifetime of a single battery under a constant-rate load, and then extend them to multiple battery systems. Using a low-level battery simulator, we verify our analytical findings with numerical data. For the simulated cases, the parallel discharge schedule resulted in up to 72% higher lifetimes than the sequential discharge schedule but fell short of the lifetime tipper bound by up to 29%.
AB - We consider the problem of scheduling multiple identical batteries for discharge in portable electronic systems. Unlike previous work reporting some experimental data to suggest which scheduling schemes are better than others, we arrive at our general conclusions formally, based on the analysis of an accurate high-level model of battery behavior. Our analytical results show that: (1) the lifetime of a parallel discharge schedule is equal to that of an equivalent monolithic battery, (2) the lifetime of a parallel discharge-schedule is no less than that of a sequential discharge schedule, and (3) the lifetime of a switched discharge schedule approaches that of an equivalent monolithic battery as the switching frequency increases. We also derive bounds on the lifetime of a single battery under a constant-rate load, and then extend them to multiple battery systems. Using a low-level battery simulator, we verify our analytical findings with numerical data. For the simulated cases, the parallel discharge schedule resulted in up to 72% higher lifetimes than the sequential discharge schedule but fell short of the lifetime tipper bound by up to 29%.
KW - Analytical models
KW - Batteries
KW - Computational modeling
KW - Job shop scheduling
KW - Low power electronics
KW - Manufacturing
KW - Permission
KW - Power engineering computing
KW - Processor scheduling
KW - Upper bound
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0346003032&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0346003032&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/LPE.2003.1231833
DO - 10.1109/LPE.2003.1231833
M3 - Conference contribution
AN - SCOPUS:0346003032
T3 - Proceedings of the International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design
SP - 44
EP - 47
BT - ISLPED 2003 - Proceedings of the 2003 International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design
PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
T2 - 2003 International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design, ISLPED 2003
Y2 - 25 August 2003 through 27 August 2003
ER -