TY - GEN
T1 - A low complexity scheme for accurate 3D velocity estimation in ultrasound systems
AU - Wei, Siyuan
AU - Yang, Ming
AU - Chakrabarti, Chaitali
AU - Sampson, Richard
AU - Wenisch, Thomas F.
AU - Kripfgans, Oliver
AU - Fowlkes, J. Brian
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2014 IEEE.
PY - 2014/12/15
Y1 - 2014/12/15
N2 - Vector flow imaging is a critical component in the clinical diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases; however, most current methods are too computationally expensive to scale well to 3D. Less complex techniques, such as Doppler-based imaging (which cannot provide lateral flow measurements) and basic speckle tracking algorithms (which have poor lateral accuracy), are incapable of producing high quality 3D measurements. In this paper, we first extend a technique designed to improve lateral flow accuracy for 2D velocity vector estimation, the synthetic lateral phase method, to 3D (SLP-3D). We then show that a straightforward implementation of this algorithm is too computationally complex for modern systems. Instead, we propose a two-tiered method that uses low complexity sum-of-absolute differences (SAD) for coarse-grained search and an optimized version of SLP-3D to fine tune the search for sub-pixel accuracy. We show that the proposed method (SAD+SLP-3Dopt) achieves a 9× reduction in computational complexity compared to the naive SLP-3D. Field II simulations for plug and parabolic flow using our method show a fairly high degree of accuracy in both the axial and the lateral components. Finally, we show our technique can support accurate flow imaging with up to 130 velocity estimations/sec within the power constraints of a handheld device.
AB - Vector flow imaging is a critical component in the clinical diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases; however, most current methods are too computationally expensive to scale well to 3D. Less complex techniques, such as Doppler-based imaging (which cannot provide lateral flow measurements) and basic speckle tracking algorithms (which have poor lateral accuracy), are incapable of producing high quality 3D measurements. In this paper, we first extend a technique designed to improve lateral flow accuracy for 2D velocity vector estimation, the synthetic lateral phase method, to 3D (SLP-3D). We then show that a straightforward implementation of this algorithm is too computationally complex for modern systems. Instead, we propose a two-tiered method that uses low complexity sum-of-absolute differences (SAD) for coarse-grained search and an optimized version of SLP-3D to fine tune the search for sub-pixel accuracy. We show that the proposed method (SAD+SLP-3Dopt) achieves a 9× reduction in computational complexity compared to the naive SLP-3D. Field II simulations for plug and parabolic flow using our method show a fairly high degree of accuracy in both the axial and the lateral components. Finally, we show our technique can support accurate flow imaging with up to 130 velocity estimations/sec within the power constraints of a handheld device.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84920268544&partnerID=8YFLogxK
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U2 - 10.1109/SiPS.2014.6986067
DO - 10.1109/SiPS.2014.6986067
M3 - Conference contribution
AN - SCOPUS:84920268544
T3 - IEEE Workshop on Signal Processing Systems, SiPS: Design and Implementation
BT - IEEE Workshop on Signal Processing Systems, SiPS
PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
T2 - 2014 IEEE Workshop on Signal Processing Systems, SiPS 2014
Y2 - 20 October 2014 through 22 October 2014
ER -