TY - JOUR
T1 - A Handheld, Colorimetric Optoelectronic Dynamics Analyzer for Measuring Total Ammonia of Biological Samples
AU - Liu, Nai Yuan
AU - Cay-Durgun, Pinar
AU - Lai, Tianmiao
AU - Sprowls, Mark
AU - Thomas, Leslie
AU - Thomas, Marylaura
AU - Forzani, Erica
N1 - Funding Information:
The work of P. Cay-Durgun and T. Lai was supported by the National Science Foundation CAREER Award under Grant CBET-1254215. The work of M. Sprowls was supported by the Arizona State University (ASU) Fulton Undergraduate Research Initiative. The work of E. Forzani was supported by the ASU Fulton Schools of Engineering Entrepreneurial Professor Award.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2013 IEEE.
PY - 2018/7/4
Y1 - 2018/7/4
N2 - This paper introduces a wireless, solid-state, portable, and automated device capable of measuring the total ammonia [ammonia (NH3) and ammonium (NH4 +)] levels of fluids, including biological samples. This device reliably measures the total ammonia of biological samples (e.g., urine) faster than the current ammonia quantification techniques. Medical professionals typically estimate NH4+ levels using error-prone indirect measurement techniques (i.e., urine anion gap), which are time-consuming and are seldom suitable for periodic measurements. Several instantaneous measurements of total ammonia levels in a patient urine could be utilized as an early warning for both acid-base and/or potassium disturbances. Given the device's operation mechanism, it is able to quantify the total ammonia concentration within a biological sample in only 5 s and can simultaneously transmit data to other devices via Bluetooth. The analytical operation demonstrated high sensitivity, high specificity, fast reversibility, rapid response time, and has enabled the accurate determination of total ammonia concentration in urine samples produced by subjects who had consumed diets of variable protein compositions.
AB - This paper introduces a wireless, solid-state, portable, and automated device capable of measuring the total ammonia [ammonia (NH3) and ammonium (NH4 +)] levels of fluids, including biological samples. This device reliably measures the total ammonia of biological samples (e.g., urine) faster than the current ammonia quantification techniques. Medical professionals typically estimate NH4+ levels using error-prone indirect measurement techniques (i.e., urine anion gap), which are time-consuming and are seldom suitable for periodic measurements. Several instantaneous measurements of total ammonia levels in a patient urine could be utilized as an early warning for both acid-base and/or potassium disturbances. Given the device's operation mechanism, it is able to quantify the total ammonia concentration within a biological sample in only 5 s and can simultaneously transmit data to other devices via Bluetooth. The analytical operation demonstrated high sensitivity, high specificity, fast reversibility, rapid response time, and has enabled the accurate determination of total ammonia concentration in urine samples produced by subjects who had consumed diets of variable protein compositions.
KW - Biosensors
KW - chemical sensors
KW - clinical diagnosis
KW - medical diagnosis
KW - optoelectronic devices
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U2 - 10.1109/JTEHM.2018.2840678
DO - 10.1109/JTEHM.2018.2840678
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85049489920
SN - 2168-2372
VL - 6
JO - IEEE Journal of Translational Engineering in Health and Medicine
JF - IEEE Journal of Translational Engineering in Health and Medicine
M1 - 8404101
ER -