Uplifting Spiritual Cultivation for Lay People: Bhikṣuṇī Master Daehaeng (1927–2012) of the Hanmaum Seonwon (One Mind Sŏn Center) in South Korea

This paper examines Bhikṣuṇī Daehaeng, who in 1972 established the One Mind Zen Center, one of the most successful urban mega-centres in South Korea. The Centre is located in Anyang, near Seoul, and has 15 domestic and 9 overseas branches. The Centre’s success can be attributed to the charismatic leadership of Daehaeng, who awakened herself through many years of ascetic practices rather than through teachers or going through formal Buddhist training. Her emphasis on spiritual cultivation in daily life, interconnectedness, a belief in one’s Buddha-like nature and her supernatural power explain the Centre’s huge success as an urban Buddhist mission. Based on the efforts of her lay followers, Daehaeng produced many publications, many of which have been translated into English and other languages. This paper will analyse her success and controversial innovations by focusing on her teachings and the operation of the One Mind Center.