Ultrafast transitions from solid to liquid and plasma states of graphite induced by X-ray free-electron laser pulses

S. P. Hau-Riege; A. Graf; T. Döppner; R. A. London; J. Krzywinski; C. Fortmann; S. H. Glenzer; M. Frank; K. Sokolowski-Tinten; M. Messerschmidt; C. Bostedt; S. Schorb; J. A. Bradley; A. Lutman; D. Rolles; A. Rudenko; B. Rudek

doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.217402

Ultrafast transitions from solid to liquid and plasma states of graphite induced by X-ray free-electron laser pulses

S. P. Hau-Riege, A. Graf, T. Döppner, R. A. London, J. Krzywinski, C. Fortmann, S. H. Glenzer, M. Frank, K. Sokolowski-Tinten, M. Messerschmidt, C. Bostedt, S. Schorb, J. A. Bradley, A. Lutman, D. Rolles, A. Rudenko, B. Rudek

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Abstract

We used photon pulses from an x-ray free-electron laser to study ultrafast x-ray-induced transitions of graphite from solid to liquid and plasma states. This was accomplished by isochoric heating of graphite samples and simultaneous probing via Bragg and diffuse scattering at high time resolution. We observe that disintegration of the crystal lattice and ion heating of up to 5 eV occur within tens of femtoseconds. The threshold fluence for Bragg-peak degradation is smaller and the ion-heating rate is faster than current x-ray-matter interaction models predict.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	217402
Journal	Physical Review Letters
Volume	108
Issue number	21
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.217402
State	Published - May 23 2012
Externally published	Yes

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Physics and Astronomy(all)

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10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.217402

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Hau-Riege, S. P., Graf, A., Döppner, T., London, R. A., Krzywinski, J., Fortmann, C., Glenzer, S. H., Frank, M., Sokolowski-Tinten, K., Messerschmidt, M., Bostedt, C., Schorb, S., Bradley, J. A., Lutman, A., Rolles, D., Rudenko, A., & Rudek, B. (2012). Ultrafast transitions from solid to liquid and plasma states of graphite induced by X-ray free-electron laser pulses. Physical Review Letters, 108(21), Article 217402. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.217402

Hau-Riege, SP, Graf, A, Döppner, T, London, RA, Krzywinski, J, Fortmann, C, Glenzer, SH, Frank, M, Sokolowski-Tinten, K, Messerschmidt, M, Bostedt, C, Schorb, S, Bradley, JA, Lutman, A, Rolles, D, Rudenko, A & Rudek, B 2012, 'Ultrafast transitions from solid to liquid and plasma states of graphite induced by X-ray free-electron laser pulses', Physical Review Letters, vol. 108, no. 21, 217402. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.217402

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title = "Ultrafast transitions from solid to liquid and plasma states of graphite induced by X-ray free-electron laser pulses",

abstract = "We used photon pulses from an x-ray free-electron laser to study ultrafast x-ray-induced transitions of graphite from solid to liquid and plasma states. This was accomplished by isochoric heating of graphite samples and simultaneous probing via Bragg and diffuse scattering at high time resolution. We observe that disintegration of the crystal lattice and ion heating of up to 5 eV occur within tens of femtoseconds. The threshold fluence for Bragg-peak degradation is smaller and the ion-heating rate is faster than current x-ray-matter interaction models predict.",

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AU - Hau-Riege, S. P.

AU - Graf, A.

AU - Döppner, T.

AU - London, R. A.

AU - Krzywinski, J.

AU - Fortmann, C.

AU - Glenzer, S. H.

AU - Frank, M.

AU - Sokolowski-Tinten, K.

AU - Messerschmidt, M.

AU - Bostedt, C.

AU - Schorb, S.

AU - Bradley, J. A.

AU - Lutman, A.

AU - Rolles, D.

AU - Rudenko, A.

AU - Rudek, B.

PY - 2012/5/23

Y1 - 2012/5/23

N2 - We used photon pulses from an x-ray free-electron laser to study ultrafast x-ray-induced transitions of graphite from solid to liquid and plasma states. This was accomplished by isochoric heating of graphite samples and simultaneous probing via Bragg and diffuse scattering at high time resolution. We observe that disintegration of the crystal lattice and ion heating of up to 5 eV occur within tens of femtoseconds. The threshold fluence for Bragg-peak degradation is smaller and the ion-heating rate is faster than current x-ray-matter interaction models predict.

AB - We used photon pulses from an x-ray free-electron laser to study ultrafast x-ray-induced transitions of graphite from solid to liquid and plasma states. This was accomplished by isochoric heating of graphite samples and simultaneous probing via Bragg and diffuse scattering at high time resolution. We observe that disintegration of the crystal lattice and ion heating of up to 5 eV occur within tens of femtoseconds. The threshold fluence for Bragg-peak degradation is smaller and the ion-heating rate is faster than current x-ray-matter interaction models predict.

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Ultrafast transitions from solid to liquid and plasma states of graphite induced by X-ray free-electron laser pulses

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