@article{47666d9cdb244e3cbc7bc016e173b7cf,
title = "Opacity effects in a solid-density aluminium plasma created by photo-excitation with an X-ray laser",
abstract = "The intensities within the focal spots of the output of recently developed X-ray sources based on free-electron-laser (FEL) technology are so great that atoms within the focal region can potentially absorb several photons during the few tens of femtosecond X-ray pulse. Furthermore, the duration of the FEL X-ray pulse is comparable to the Auger decay times of inner-shell holes created by the X-rays themselves. We report here how such a scenario can lead to opacity broadening of the fluorescence radiation emitted by the hot, dense plasma, which is created as a result of the X-radiation focussed onto a solid target, and in particular present calculations of the broadening of the Kα emission in a solid-density aluminium target, produced when the FEL photon energy is tuned below the Al K-edge, but is resonant with the Kα transition.",
keywords = "Opacity, X-ray laser",
author = "Rackstraw, \{D. S.\} and Vinko, \{S. M.\} and O. Ciricosta and Cho, \{B. I.\} and K. Engelhorn and Chung, \{H. K.\} and Brown, \{C. R.D.\} and T. Burian and J. Chalupsk{\'y} and Falcone, \{R. W.\} and C. Graves and V. H{\'a}jkov{\'a} and A. Higginbotham and L. Juha and J. Krzywinski and Lee, \{H. J.\} and M. Messerschmidt and C. Murphy and Y. Ping and A. Scherz and W. Schlotter and S. Toleikis and Turner, \{J. J.\} and L. Vysin and T. Wang and B. Wu and U. Zastrau and D. Zhu and B. Nagler and Lee, \{R. W.\} and Heimann, \{P. A.\} and Wark, \{J. S.\}",
note = "Funding Information: Portions of this research were carried out on the SXR Instrument at the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS), a division of SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and an Office of Science user facility operated by Stanford University for the U.S. Department of Energy. The SXR Instrument is funded by a consortium whose membership includes the LCLS, Stanford University through the Stanford Institute for Materials Energy Sciences (SIMES), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), University of Hamburg through the BMBF priority program FSP 301, and the Center for Free Electron Laser Science (CFEL). D.S.R., S.M.V., O.C. and J.S.W are grateful to the U.K. EPSRC for funding under grant no. EP/H035877/1 . B.I.C was supported by NRF of Korea (grants \#: 2013R1A1A1007084 and 2013M1A7A1A02043864 ). T.B., J.Ch., V.H., L.J. and L.V. appreciate funding by grants GAUK1374213, LG13029, CZ.1.07/2.3.00/30.0057, 13-28721S, P108/11/1312, P205/11/0571, P208/10/2302, and M100101221. U.Z. is grateful to the Volkswagen Foundation and the German Ministry for Education and Research via FSP-302. Copyright: Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.",
year = "2014",
month = jun,
doi = "10.1016/j.hedp.2014.02.003",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "11",
pages = "59--69",
journal = "High Energy Density Physics",
issn = "1574-1818",
publisher = "Elsevier B.V.",
number = "1",
}