Modeling of multilayered C-block actuators

A new class of bimorph actuators, called C-block actuators for their curved shape, have recently been proposed to provide improved performance characteristics over conventional straight bimorph actuators. Existing mathematical models of these actuators are based on classical curved beam theory which neglects transverse shear effects. An improved mathematical model for C-block actuators of arbitrary thickness is developed. The first order shear deformation based theory model accounts for through-the-thickness transverse shear stresses in thick piezoelectric C-block actuators. The results obtained from the first order shear deformation theory are validated with results from finite element analysis, available experimental data and an exact elasticity solution. The developed theory is used to predict the performance of multilayered C-block actuators of various configurations to demonstrate the importance of shear effects.