TY - JOUR
T1 - 3D-Printing of Poly(arylene ether sulfone)s
T2 - Functional High-Performance Polymers for Vat Photopolymerization
AU - Weyhrich, Cody W.
AU - Will, John W.
AU - Heifferon, Katherine V.
AU - Brown, James R.
AU - Arrington, Clay B.
AU - Meenakshisundaram, Viswanath
AU - Williams, Christopher B.
AU - Long, Timothy E.
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank Solvay Specialty Polymers, Inc., the Arizona State University Biodesign Center for their support, and the contributions of all collaborators. This work was funded in part by Solvay Specialty Polymers, Inc.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Wiley-VCH GmbH.
PY - 2023/1
Y1 - 2023/1
N2 - Vat photopolymerization (VP) is an advanced additive manufacturing (AM) platform that enables production of intricate 3D monoliths that are unattainable with conventional manufacturing methods. In this work, modification of amorphous poly(arylene ether sulfone)s (PSU) allows for VP printing. Post-polymerization telechelic functionalization with acrylate functionality yielded photocrosslinkable PSUs across a molecular weight range. 1H NMR spectroscopy confirms chemical composition and quantitative acrylate functionalization. Addition of diphenyl-(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide (TPO) photoinitiator to 30 wt% PSU solutions in NMP provides a photocurable composition. However, subsequent photorheological studies elucidate rapid photodegradation of the polysulfone main chain, which is especially apparent in high Mn (15 kg mol−1) PSU formulations. UV-light intensity and wavelength range are altered to reduce degradation while allowing for efficient crosslinking. The addition of 0.5 wt% of avobenzone photoblocker produces an ill-defined structure with 6 kg mol−1 PSU. For higher molecular weights (>12 kg mol−1), solutions with a low molar mass reactive diluent, i.e., trimethylolpropane triacrylate, enable the printing of an organogel with a storage modulus (>105 Pa) sufficient for vat photopolymerization. Employing multicomponent solutions provide well-defined parts with complex geometries through vat photopolymerization.
AB - Vat photopolymerization (VP) is an advanced additive manufacturing (AM) platform that enables production of intricate 3D monoliths that are unattainable with conventional manufacturing methods. In this work, modification of amorphous poly(arylene ether sulfone)s (PSU) allows for VP printing. Post-polymerization telechelic functionalization with acrylate functionality yielded photocrosslinkable PSUs across a molecular weight range. 1H NMR spectroscopy confirms chemical composition and quantitative acrylate functionalization. Addition of diphenyl-(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide (TPO) photoinitiator to 30 wt% PSU solutions in NMP provides a photocurable composition. However, subsequent photorheological studies elucidate rapid photodegradation of the polysulfone main chain, which is especially apparent in high Mn (15 kg mol−1) PSU formulations. UV-light intensity and wavelength range are altered to reduce degradation while allowing for efficient crosslinking. The addition of 0.5 wt% of avobenzone photoblocker produces an ill-defined structure with 6 kg mol−1 PSU. For higher molecular weights (>12 kg mol−1), solutions with a low molar mass reactive diluent, i.e., trimethylolpropane triacrylate, enable the printing of an organogel with a storage modulus (>105 Pa) sufficient for vat photopolymerization. Employing multicomponent solutions provide well-defined parts with complex geometries through vat photopolymerization.
KW - additive manufacturing
KW - photorheology
KW - polysulfone
KW - stereolithography
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U2 - 10.1002/macp.202200240
DO - 10.1002/macp.202200240
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85139504969
SN - 1022-1352
VL - 224
JO - Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics
JF - Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics
IS - 1
M1 - 2200240
ER -